출처 : http://www.upubuntu.com/2012/06/list-of-best-system-monitoring.html

 

A- CLI System Monitoring Tools & Commands

1. VMSTAT

Displays information about CPU, memory, processes, etc. Here are some command examples:

vmstat 3

vmstat -a

For more help:

vmstat --help

2. IOSTAT

This command line tool will display statistics about your CPU, I/O information for your hard disk partitions, Network File System (NFS), etc. To install iostat, run this command:

sudo apt-get install sysstat

To start the report, run this command:

iostat

To check only CPU statistics, use this command:

iostat -c

For hard disk:

iostat -d

For more parameters, use this command:

iostat --help

3. TOP
 

TOP is a command line tool that displays on the terminal active system processes in real-time. It also displays system device usage such as CPU, hard disk, swap, memory, etc. You can start it with this command:

top

To stop it, press CTRL+C. For more parameters, you can run this command:

top --help

4. HTOP
 

HTOP is another system monitoring  tool, but more advanced than the TOP command. HTOP is faster than TOP, and has a clean and organized interface that supports mouse operations. You can install HTOP as follows:

sudo apt-get install htop

5. MPSTAT

The mpstat command line utility will display average CPU usage per processor. To run it, use simply this command:

mpstat

For CPU usage per processor, use this command:

mpstat -P ALL

6. IPTRAF

 IPTRAF is a command line utility that displays network statistics in real-time. Install it first with this command:

sudo apt-get install iptraf

To start monitoring network activities with IPTRAF, run simply this command:

sudo iptraf

In the screen that shows up, select which service to monitor and press Enter:
 

7. /PROC

To get information about system devices with the help of the /Proc file system, you can use these various commands:

cat /proc/cpuinfo

cat /proc/mounts

cat /proc/meminfo

cat /proc/zoneinfo

8. Glances

Glances is a system monitoring tool that displays in real-time CPU/memory/swap usage, load time, network activity, etc.
 

To install Glances, run the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:arnaud-hartmann/glances-stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install glances

To start system monitoring, issue this command:

glances.py

9. Saidar

Saidar also allows to monitor system device activities via the command line.
 

You can install is with this command:

sudo apt-get install saidar

To start monitoring, run this command:

saidar -c -d 1

Stats will be refreshed every second.
 

B- System Monitoring Software With GUI

1. Gnome System Monitor

For Ubuntu 12.04/Linux Mint13, you can use the pre-installed Gnome System Monitor for checking information in real-time about system devices, active processes, file systems, etc.
 

2. GKrellM

GKrellM is a customizable widget with various themes that displays on your desktop system device information (CPU, temperature, memory, network, etc.).
 

To install GKrellM, run this command:

sudo apt-get install gkrellm

3. Nagios

A system & network monitoring application that allows to monitor system and network activity via a web user interface.
 

To install Nagios, run this command:

sudo apt-get install nagios3

During the installation, you will be required to enter administration password, submit it and press Enter:
 

To start system & network monitoring, open now this URL:
 

http://localhost/nagios3

Login using these details:

username: nagiosadmin
password: the one selected during installation

4. Monitorix

Monitorix is another application with a web-based user interface for monitoring system devices.
 

Install it with these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:upubuntu-com/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install monitorix

Start Monitorix via this URL:
 

http://localhost/monitorix/

5. System Load Indicator

This application indicator is exclusive for Ubuntu. It displays on your upper panel, a menu containing various device usage such as CPU, memory, hard disk, load time, network download upload speed, etc.
 

To install System Load Indicator on Ubuntu 12.04, run these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:indicator-multiload/stable-daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-multiload

 6. Hardware Sensors Indicator

This indicator allows users to monitor temperatures of your CPU, hard disk, etc. 
 

To install it on Ubuntu 12.04, run the following commands:

wget -O indicator-sensors_0.1-1_i386.deb http://goo.gl/268Jo

sudo dpkg -i indicator-sensors_0.1-1_i386.deb

7. i-Nex

A CPU-Z alternative for Linux that displays various device information (CPU brand & speed, motherboard, cache, sound, etc.).
 

Its installation is very simple, just run the following commands from the terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:i-nex-development-team/daily
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nemh/gambas3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install i-nex

If you have another useful system monitoring tool, you can mention it below.